Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Overview
Blockchain is a developing technology that maintains a decentralized database of historical records by the constant formation of blocks in a chain. It is an open ledger that efficiently stores and manages transactions made between two entities. The global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services market is expected to grow at a considerable rate in the forthcoming years.
Blockchain technology is being implemented in several industries and applications due to its secured transaction process.
Blockchain in telecommunication and post services is used for applications such as billing, smart contracts, roaming services, and identity as a service. Furthermore, key factors boosting the growth of the blockchain in telecommunication and post services market is the augmented use of blockchain in telecommunication and post services for designing crypto-currencies, and a secure platform for monetary transactions.
Report Metric |
Details |
Market size available for years |
2023–2030 |
Base year considered |
2023 |
Forecast period |
2024–2030 |
Forecast unit |
Value (USD Million) |
Segments covered |
Service Providers, Application, Organization Size, Digital Service, Platform, and Region. |
Regions covered |
North America (the U.S. and Canada), Europe (UK, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Russia, Rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, Australia, South East Asia, Rest of Asia Pacific), Latin America and the Middle East and Africa (Brazil, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Rest of LAMEA) |
Companies covered |
Atos SE, Accenture Plc, Juniper Networks Inc, Earthport Plc, Microsoft Corporation, IBM Corporation, Bitfury Group, SAP SE, Blockchain Tech Ltd, Coinbase. |
Covid-19 Impact on Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market
Like many other industries, COVID-19 badly knocked the electronic and semiconductor industries. This unprecedented event has impacted nearly 230 countries in just a few weeks, resulting in the forced shutdown of manufacturing and transportation activities within and across the countries. This has directly affected the overall sector's growth. It is estimated that COVID-19 to leave more than USD 30 billion impacts on the electronics and semiconductor industry. The sector is majorly affected due to transport restrictions on major electronics and semiconductor raw material providers. However, the emerging need for semiconductors in several industries will offer rapid market recovery over the future period.
Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Segment Overview
Based on the Platform, the IBM Blockchain is one of the important segments in the global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services market. Decision-makers in business are increasingly looking to blockchain technologies to improve efficiency, reduce costs and reduce risks. Blockchain creates synergies among multiple, permission organizations, which enables to create entirely new, higher-value business models. Building on the software and interface of the IBM Blockchain Platform gives the flexibility, speed, and power needed to deliver on the promise of blockchain.
Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market, By Service Providers
· Infrastructure and Protocol Provider
· Application and Solution Provider
· Middleware Provider
Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market, By Application
· Smart Contracts
· Payment & Transaction
· Billing/OSS
· Reporting and Analytics
· Network Management
· Others
Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market, By Organization Size
· Small and Medium Enterprises
· Large Enterprises
Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market, By Digital Service
· Content Services
· Managed Services
· Value Added Services
· Identity-as-a-Service
· Voice/Data Services
· Digital Asset Transaction
Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market, By Platform
· IBM Blockchain
· Open Chain
· HydraChain
· Hyperledger
· Ethereum
· IOTA
Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Regional Overview
Region-wise, North America is the most prominent region for the global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services market. Further, The market in Europe and Asia-Pacific is expected to show remarkable growth in the coming years. In China, Japan, Germany, and the United States, there has been a considerable increase in the usage of blockchain-based digital payment and transaction services. Japan is now the most advanced country in terms of implementing blockchain technology in a variety of end-user applications, including telecommunications, education and research, and financial services. As a result, the country has become profitable for companies that provide blockchain-based equipment and components for telecommunications and post services.
Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market, By Geography
· North America (US & Canada)
· Europe (UK, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Russia & Rest of Europe)
· Asia-Pacific (Japan, China, India, Australia, & South Korea, & Rest of Asia-Pacific)
· LAMEA (Brazil, Saudi Arabia, UAE & Rest of LAMEA)
Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market, Key Players
· Atos SE
· Accenture Plc
· Juniper Networks Inc
· Earthport Plc
· Microsoft Corporation
· IBM Corporation
· Bitfury Group
· SAP SE
· Blockchain Tech Ltd
· Coinbase
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) :
Q1. Which Segments are covered in the Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services market report?
Service Providers, Application, Organization Size, Digital Service, Platform, and Region these segments are covered in the Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services market report.
Q2. Which segment is projected to hold the largest share in the Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market. ?
IBM Blockchain segment is projected to hold the largest share in the Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market.
Q3. Which are the parts of the Service Providers segment in the Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services market?
Infrastructure and Protocol Provider, Application and Solution Provider, Middleware Provider are parts of the Service Providers segment in the Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services market.
Q4. Which region holds the largest share in the Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services market?
North America held the largest share in the global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services market.
Q5. Which are the prominent players in the Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market?
Corgan Associates, Inc., Holder Construction, Turner Construction, DPR Construction, Structure Tone, Mortenson Construction, Gilbane Inc., Balfour Beatty US, Hensel Phelps, Hoffman Construction, HITT Contracting, Fluor Corporation, IMC Construction, Pepper Construction and FORTIS Construction Inc. are some key players in the Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market.
List of Figures
Figure 1: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue Breakdown (USD Billion, %) by Region, 2019 & 2027
Figure 2: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 1, 2019 & 2027
Figure 3: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 4: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 5: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 2, 2019 & 2027
Figure 6: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 7: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 8: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 3, 2016-2027
Figure 9: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Others, 2016-2027
Figure 10: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 3, 2019 & 2027
Figure 11: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 12: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 13: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 3, 2016-2027
Figure 14: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Others, 2016-2027
Figure 15: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value (USD Billion), by Region, 2019 & 2027
Figure 16: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 1, 2019 & 2027
Figure 17: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 18: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 19: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 2, 2019 & 2027
Figure 20: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 21: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 22: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 3, 2016-2027
Figure 23: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Others, 2016-2027
Figure 24: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 3, 2019 & 2027
Figure 25: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 26: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 27: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 3, 2016-2027
Figure 28: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Others, 2016-2027
Figure 29: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by U.S., 2016-2027
Figure 30: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Canada, 2016-2027
Figure 31: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 1, 2019 & 2027
Figure 32: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 33: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 34: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 2, 2019 & 2027
Figure 35: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 36: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 37: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 3, 2016-2027
Figure 38: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Others, 2016-2027
Figure 39: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 3, 2019 & 2027
Figure 40: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 41: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 42: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 3, 2016-2027
Figure 43: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Others, 2016-2027
Figure 44: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Brazil, 2016-2027
Figure 45: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Mexico, 2016-2027
Figure 46: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Rest of Latin America, 2016-2027
Figure 47: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 1, 2019 & 2027
Figure 48: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 49: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 50: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 2, 2019 & 2027
Figure 51: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 52: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 53: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 3, 2016-2027
Figure 54: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Others, 2016-2027
Figure 55: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 3, 2019 & 2027
Figure 56: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 57: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 58: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 3, 2016-2027
Figure 59: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Others, 2016-2027
Figure 60: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by U.K., 2016-2027
Figure 61: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Germany, 2016-2027
Figure 62: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by France, 2016-2027
Figure 63: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Italy, 2016-2027
Figure 64: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Spain, 2016-2027
Figure 65: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Russia, 2016-2027
Figure 66: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Rest of Europe, 2016-2027
Figure 67: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 1, 2019 & 2027
Figure 68: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 69: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 70: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 2, 2019 & 2027
Figure 71: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 72: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 73: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 3, 2016-2027
Figure 74: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Others, 2016-2027
Figure 75: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 3, 2019 & 2027
Figure 76: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 77: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 78: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 3, 2016-2027
Figure 79: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Others, 2016-2027
Figure 80: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by China, 2016-2027
Figure 81: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by India, 2016-2027
Figure 82: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Japan, 2016-2027
Figure 83: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Australia, 2016-2027
Figure 84: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Southeast Asia, 2016-2027
Figure 85: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Rest of Asia Pacific, 2016-2027
Figure 86: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 1, 2019 & 2027
Figure 87: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 88: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 89: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 2, 2019 & 2027
Figure 90: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 91: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 92: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 3, 2016-2027
Figure 93: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Others, 2016-2027
Figure 94: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Value Share (%), By Segment 3, 2019 & 2027
Figure 95: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 1, 2016-2027
Figure 96: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 2, 2016-2027
Figure 97: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Sub-Segment 3, 2016-2027
Figure 98: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Others, 2016-2027
Figure 99: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by GCC, 2016-2027
Figure 100: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by South Africa, 2016-2027
Figure 101: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Forecast (USD Billion), by Rest of Middle East & Africa, 2016-2027
List of Tables
Table 1: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 1, 2016-2027
Table 2: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 2, 2016-2027
Table 3: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 3, 2016-2027
Table 4: Global Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Region, 2016-2027
Table 5: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 1, 2016-2027
Table 6: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 2, 2016-2027
Table 7: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 3, 2016-2027
Table 8: North America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Country, 2016-2027
Table 9: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 1, 2016-2027
Table 10: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 2, 2016-2027
Table 11: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 3, 2016-2027
Table 12: Europe Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Country, 2016-2027
Table 13: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 1, 2016-2027
Table 14: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 2, 2016-2027
Table 15: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 3, 2016-2027
Table 16: Latin America Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Country, 2016-2027
Table 17: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 1, 2016-2027
Table 18: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 2, 2016-2027
Table 19: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 3, 2016-2027
Table 20: Asia Pacific Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Country, 2016-2027
Table 21: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 1, 2016-2027
Table 22: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 2, 2016-2027
Table 23: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Segment 3, 2016-2027
Table 24: Middle East & Africa Blockchain in Telecommunication and Post Services Market Revenue (USD Billion) Forecast, by Country, 2016-2027
Research Process
Data Library Research are conducted by industry experts who offer insight on
industry structure, market segmentations technology assessment and competitive landscape (CL), and penetration, as well as on emerging trends. Their analysis is based on primary interviews (~ 80%) and secondary research (~ 20%) as well as years of professional expertise in their respective industries. Adding to this, by analysing historical trends and current market positions, our analysts predict where the market will be headed for the next five years. Furthermore, the varying trends of segment & categories geographically presented are also studied and the estimated based on the primary & secondary research.
In this particular report from the supply side Data Library Research has conducted primary surveys (interviews) with the key level executives (VP, CEO’s, Marketing Director, Business Development Manager
and SOFT) of the companies that active & prominent as well as the midsized organization
FIGURE 1: DLR RESEARH PROCESS
Primary Research
Extensive primary research was conducted to gain a deeper insight of the market and industry performance. The analysis is based on both primary and secondary research as well as years of professional expertise in the respective industries.
In addition to analysing current and historical trends, our analysts predict where the market is headed over the next five years.
It varies by segment for these categories geographically presented in the list of market tables. Speaking about this particular report we have conducted primary surveys (interviews) with the key level executives (VP, CEO’s, Marketing Director, Business Development Manager and many more) of the major players active in the market.
Secondary Research
Secondary research was mainly used to collect and identify information useful for the extensive, technical, market-oriented, and Friend’s study of the Global Extra Neutral Alcohol. It was also used to obtain key information about major players, market classification and segmentation according to the industry trends, geographical markets, and developments related to the market and technology perspectives. For this study, analysts have gathered information from various credible sources, such as annual reports, sec filings, journals, white papers, SOFT presentations, and company web sites.
Market Size Estimation
Both, top-down and bottom-up approaches were used to estimate and validate the size of the Global market and to estimate the size of various other dependent submarkets in the overall Extra Neutral Alcohol. The key players in the market were identified through secondary research and their market contributions in the respective geographies were determined through primary and secondary research.
Forecast Model